Excavated at the Villa of P. Fannius Synistor, Boscoreale, about a mile from Pompeii (Cavenaghi 1901, p. 5; Barnabei 1901, pp. 71-81).

1899-1900, frescoes excavated in Pompeii by Vincenzo de Prisco (Cavenaghi 1901, p. 5); acquired August 1903, purchased from C. and E. Canessa, Paris.

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Mau, A. 1902. "Wandschirm und Bildtraeger in der Wandmalerei." Mitteilungen des Kaiserlich Deutschen Archaeologischen Instituts, Roemische Abteilung 17: 90ff., 223ff.

Sambon, A. 1903. Les fresques de Boscoreale . . . C. and E. Canessa. Sale cat., Galeries Durand-Ruel, Paris, June 8, 1903, pp. 21-26, pls. 8-10.

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Curtius, L. 1929. Die Wandmalerie Pompejis: Eine Einführung in ihr Verständnis. Leipzig: E. A. Seemann, pp. 38, 103, 105ff., figs. 70-73, pp. 114ff., 122ff., 138, 184, 279ff.

Beyen, H.G. 1938. Die Pompejanische Wanddekoration. Vol. 1. The Hague: Nijhoff, pp. 141ff., figs. 56-58, 60-62, 64-66.

Richter, G.M.A. 1944. Greek Painting: The Development of Pictorial Representation from Archaic to Graeco-Roman Times. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, pp. 20-22, ill.

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Norman, Jane. 1970. " How to Look at Art." The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 28(5): p. 194.

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Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae (LIMC). 1986. Vol. 3, "Echo," p. 681, no. 5a. Zürich: Artemis.

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Knauer, Elfriede R. 1990. "Wind Towers in Roman Wall Paintings." Metropolitan Museum Journal 25: pp. 8-11, figs. 6-7.

Clarke, John R. 1991. The Houses of Roman Italy, 100 B.C.-A.D. 250: Ritual, Space, and Decoration. Berkeley: University of California Press, p. 33, fig. 9.

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Farrar, L. 1998. Ancient Roman Gardens. Thrupp: Sutton Publishing, pp. 35, 61, pl. 3.

Elsner, Jas. 1999. “The Viewer in the Roman Landscape.” Apollo 150: p. 13, fig. 1.

Pfrommer, M. 1999. Alexandria, im Schatten der Pyramiden. Mainz: P. von Zabern, p. 137, fig. 187.

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Palagia, Olga. 2008. “The Date and Iconography of the Calendar Frieze on the Little Metropolis, Athens.” Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts123: p. 216 n. 8.

Bergmann, Bettina. 2010. "New Perspectives on the Villa of Publius Fannius Synistor at Boscoreale." The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 67(4): pp. 28-32, figs. 55-60.

Meyer, Rudolf. 2010. "New Perspectives on the Villa of Publius Fannius Synistor at Boscoreale." The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 67(4): pp. 33-46.