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Chess Piece in the Form of a King, 2nd half of 14th century
German (probably Cologne)
Walrus ivory; H. 2 1/2 in. (6.4 cm)
Pfeiffer Fund, 2000 (2000.153)
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Description
In contrast to Romanesque kings who sit rigidly with swords across their laps, such as those of the well-known Lewis chessmen (British Museum, London), this rare example from the Gothic period shows the ruler in a more relaxed pose, seated on a cushioned throne. His long hair falls from under his crown in ringlets, his feet rest on a recumbent lion, and he holds an orb in his left hand and the remains of a scepter in his right. Made to function as a game piece, the carving is at the same time a sophisticated royal image in miniature.
The piece is not close enough stylistically to any other ivory to identify it as part of a known chess set. Cologne, however, had a long tradition of walrus-ivory carving, and the king accords well with the French-inspired style prevalent there during the fourteenth century. It can be compared especially with the seated voussoir figures, carved about 1375, in the portal of Saint Peter at the cathedral in Cologne. The king's costume suggests that it was not executed before the 1350s, when close-fitting garments with prominent rows of buttons can be seen in manuscripts and other works of art.
(Entry written by Peter Barnet)
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