The Hunters Return to the Castle (from the Unicorn Tapestries)

1495–1505
On view at The Met Cloisters in Gallery 17
Two episodes of the hunt narrative are brought together in this hanging. At left, two hunters drive their lances into the neck and chest of the unicorn, as a third delivers the coup de grâce from the back. In some contexts, the unicorn is an allegory for Christ; the large holly tree (often a symbol of Christ's Passion) rising from behind his head may conceivably be linked to this association. In the other episode, at right, a lord and a lady receive the body of the unicorn in front of their castle. They are surrounded by their attendants, with more curious onlookers peering through windows of the turret behind them. The dead animal is slung on the back of a horse, his horn already cut off but still entangled in thorny oak branches—perhaps an allusion to the Crown of Thorns.

Artwork Details

Object Information
  • Title: The Hunters Return to the Castle (from the Unicorn Tapestries)
  • Date: 1495–1505
  • Geography: Made in Paris, France (cartoon); Made in Southern Netherlands (woven)
  • Culture: French (cartoon)/South Netherlandish (woven)
  • Medium: Wool warp with wool, silk, silver, and gilt wefts
  • Dimensions: Overall: 145 x 153in. (368.3 x 388.6cm)
  • Classification: Textiles-Tapestries
  • Credit Line: Gift of John D. Rockefeller Jr., 1937
  • Object Number: 37.80.5
  • Curatorial Department: Medieval Art and The Cloisters

Audio

Cover Image for 68. The Unicorn Is Killed and Brought to the Castle (from the Unicorn Tapestries)

68. The Unicorn Is Killed and Brought to the Castle (from the Unicorn Tapestries)

Gallery 17

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NARRATOR: On this tapestry, the unicorn is killed. At the upper left, two hunters stab the animal with their lances. The body of the unicorn is shown in the center of the tapestry, lifeless, on the back of a horse. The hunters are presenting their trophy to a noble couple, who stand with attendants to their sides in front of a castle. Many details on this tapestry have been interpreted as allusions to Christ’s Passion. Most notably, the hunter directly below the unicorn catches the animal’s blood with a hunting horn. This calls to mind depictions of the Crucifixion in which angels gather Christ’s blood in chalices. The wreath of oak branches and thorns around the dead unicorn’s neck and horn is often seen to represent the Crown of Thorns, therefore Christ’s Passion. The lack of original documentation makes it difficult to understand fully the meaning of these tapestries – the sequence of events, the identity of figures, and the many religious, chivalric, or other allusions. Take the man and woman receiving the unicorn’s body: are they the noble couple who commissioned the hunt? Are these portraits of the original owners? Or do they represent, symbolically, the Virgin Mary and John who receive the body of Christ? These questions are indicative of the complex issues that have challenged generations of scholars. The last stop in this room is to the right of the window.

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