The inscriptions on this rare Persian ceremonial banner invoke divine protection and assistance. The lobed medallions enclose quotations from the Qur'an, lauding God as "the best Protector" and "Opener of Doors." Banners such as this were carried into battle, or borne by the faithful in religious processions. They appear in illustrated manuscripts such as the Shahnama of Shah Tahmasp and are described by travelers to Iran in the seventeenth century. The name of the maker, Isma'il Kashani, is inscribed in the center of the blue cartouche. The details of the textile indicate careful planning, beautiful execution, and luxury with no expense spared.
