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An inscription was carved across the surface of each of the large stone relief panels that lined the walls of the Northwest Palace. This text is now called the Standard Inscription because it is repeated with only minor variations on each slab. It is written from left to right in the Neo-Assyrian dialect of Akkadian, a Semitic language. The wedge-shaped script is known as cuneiform, after the Latin word cuneus ("wedge"). Each of the cuneiform signs denotes an individual syllable. The Standard Inscription describes the reign of Ashurnasirpal II, his role as the priest and ruler chosen by the gods, his royal lineage, successful military campaigns, and the royal building activity in the city of Kalhu (Nimrud). Throughout the text, Ashurnasirpal is lauded as the invincible ruler of Assyria, the king of the world. The translation that follows is adapted from Samuel M. Paley, King of the World: Ashurnasirpal II of Assyria 883–859 B.C. (New York: The Brooklyn Museum, 1976), pp. 125–44.
 

(Ashurnasirpal)


(The Great King)

 [Location] The palace of Ashurnasirpal,

[Lineage of the King]
chief priest of Ashur, the chosen one of Enlil and Ninurta, the favorite of Anu and Dagan, the divine weapon of the Great Gods, the potent king, the king of the world, the king of Assyria; the son of Tukulti-Ninurta, the great king, the potent king, the king of the world, the king of Assyria; the son of Adad-nirari, the king of the world, the king of Assyria;

[The Heroic Warrior]
the powerful warrior who always lived by [his trust] in Ashur, his lord; who has no rival among the princes of the four quarters of the earth; [who is] the shepherd of his people, fearless in battle, the overpowering tidewater who has no opponent; [who is] the king, subjugator of the unsubmissive, who rules the total sum of all humanity; [who is] the potent warrior, who tramples his enemies, who crushes all the adversaries; [who is] the disperser of the host of the haughty; [who is] the king who always lived by [his] trust in the Great Gods, his lords; and captured all the lands himself, ruled all their mountainous districts, [and] received their tribute; who takes hostages, who establishes victory over all their lands.

[Summary of the Campaign]
When Ashur, who selected me, who made my kingship great, entrusted his merciless weapon into my lordly arms, I verily struck down the widespread troops of Lullumu with weapons, during the battle encounter. As for the troops of the lands of Nairi, Habhu, Shubaru, and Nirbu, I roared over them like Adad the destroyer, with the aid of Shamash and Adad, my helper gods. [I am] the king who caused [the lands] from the other bank of the Tigris to the Lebanon and the Great Sea, the whole of Laqu, and Suhu as far as Rapiqu, to submit; [who] himself conquered [the territory] from the source of the Subnat River to Urartu; [who] annexed as my own territory [the area] from the pass of Kirruru to Gilzanu, from the other bank of the Lower Zab to Til Bari which is upstream from Zaban, from Til sha Abtani to Til sha Zabdani. I counted as my own people [those who occupy the territory] from the pass of Babite to Hashmar. I set my resident [official]s in the lands over which I ruled [and imposed upon them] obeisance and [forced labor].

[The King as Warrior and Protector of His People]
[I am] Ashurnasirpal, the obedient prince, the worshiper of the Great Gods, the fierce dragon, the conqueror of all cities and mountains to their full extent, the king of rulers, who tames the dangerous enemies, the [one] crowned with glory, the [one] unafraid of battle, the relentless lion, who shakes resistance, the king [deserving] of praise, the shepherd, protection of the world, the king whose command blots out mountains and seas, who forced into compliance the relentless, fierce kings from the east to the west at his very approach.

[The City]
The former Kalhu, which Shalmaneser, king of Assyria, the lord my predecessor, built—that city was dilapidated and deserted. I built that city anew. As for my own captives from the lands over which I ruled—those from Suhu, the whole of Laqu, Sirqu which is on the opposite bank of the Euphrates-crossing, all Zamua, Bit Adini, and Hattu, and that of Lubarna of Hattina—I took and settled them therein. I removed the ancient tell. I went down as far as the headwaters. I laid in 120 brick courses into the depths. (From [the level of] the headwaters, I made a fill of 120 brick courses up to the top.)

[The Palace]
I built thereon [a palace with] halls of cedar, cypress, juniper, boxwood, teak, terebinth, and tamarisk [?] as my royal dwelling and for the enduring leisure life of my lordship. Beasts of the mountains and the seas, which I had fashioned out of white limestone and alabaster, I had set up in its gates. I made [the palace] fittingly imposing. I bordered them all around with bronze studs. I mounted doors of cedar, cypress, juniper, and terebinth in its gates. Silver, gold, tin, bronze, iron, my own booty from the lands over which I ruled, as much as possible, I brought [to the palace]; I placed it all therein.





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