Metals

Gold was especially treasured for jewelry, precious images, and funerary equipment. Its color and sheen symbolized the sun, and, because gold does not tarnish, it was also a metaphor for eternal life. It was imported from Nubia and mined in the Egyptian desert.

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Statuette of Amun

This gold statuette of Amun, the main solar deity, is an extremely rare example of the statuary made of precious materials that filled the sanctuaries of temples. It was cast in solid gold in the lost wax technique. In solid casting, the figure is modeled in wax. The wax is then covered with a layer of clay and the piece is fired, causing the wax to melt away and the clay negative mold to turn into terracotta. Into the space where the wax model was, molten metal is poured, and when it has cooled, the clay outer layer is broken away. Then the surface was burnished and fine details could be added with pointed chasing tools.

 

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Cat
Bronze, an alloy of copper and tin, was very valuable. Copper was obtained principally from Sinai, while tin probably had to be imported a great distance, either as pure tin or already alloyed with copper as bronze. Most silver was imported from either western Asia or the Aegean, and that is maybe the reason silver objects were so rare in Ancient Egypt. This hollow bronze cat was made using two molds. After casting, the two halfs were soldered together to form the finished statue.

 

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Pectoral of Princess Sithathoryunet
Artisans in the royal workshops excelled in making pectorals, broad collar necklaces, bracelets, and diadems, often employing an inlay technique now known as cloisonné.

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