John Singer Sargent (American, 1856–1925). Madame X (Madame Pierre Gautreau), 1883–84. Oil on canvas. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Arthur Hoppock Hearn Fund, 1916 (16.53)

Walker Evans (American, 1903–1975). Torn Movie Poster, 1931. Gelatin silver print. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Ford Motor Company Collection, Gift of Ford Motor Company and John C. Waddell, 1987. © Walker Evans Archive, The Metropolitan Museum of Art (1987.1100.59)

Pablo Picasso (Spanish, 1881–1973). The Dreamer, 1932. Oil on canvas. The Mr. and Mrs. Klaus G. Perls Collection, 1997. © 2011 Estate of Pablo Picasso / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York (1997.149.4)

Chuck Close (American, born 1940). Lucas, 1986–87. Oil and graphite on canvas. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Purchase, Lila Acheson Wallace Gift and Gift of Arnold and Milly Glimcher, 1987. © 2003 Chuck Close (1987.282)

Pierre-Louis Pierson (French, 1822–1913). Scherzo di Follia, 1861–67, printed ca. 1930. Gelatin silver print from glass negative. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Gilman Collection, Gift of The Howard Gilman Foundation, 2005 (2005.100.198)

Willem de Kooning (American, 1904–1997). Easter Monday, 1955–56. Oil and newspaper transfer on canvas. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Rogers Fund, 1956. © 2011 Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York (56.205.2)

Andy Warhol (American, 1928–1987). Self-Portrait, 1986. Acrylic and silkscreen on canvas. Purchase, Mrs. Vera G. List Gift, 1987. © 2012 The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York (1987.88)