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China: Dawn of a Golden Age, 200–750 AD
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Fall of an Empire
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Cup
Three Kingdoms, Wei (220–265)
Jade (nephrite)
H. 5 1/8 in. (13 cm)
Excavated from a tomb (dated 247) in Luoyang, Henan Province, 1956
Luoyang Museum

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View a map of archaeological sites in China.

Archaeological excavations in the last few decades have yielded numerous glass substitutes for objects traditionally made of jade, such as bi disks, eye covers, orifice plugs, and objects in the shape of pigs that were placed in the hands of the deceased. The latter may have functioned as hand warmers.

Glass, imported from western Asia, both helped to spur the emergence of glassmaking in China around the fourth century B.C. and provided inspiration to Chinese jade carvers. Tall, elegantly contoured goblets, such as this vessel, were often modeled on glass prototypes, though the lack of surface decoration may reflect the introduction to China of a new type of glass, made in the Roman Empire. Roman glass, especially vessels, was prized for being thin, light, clear, and brightly colored.

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