Signatures, Inscriptions, and Markings Signed (lower left): Seurat
Gallery Label Seurat's tranquil and luminous view extends from the island of La Grande Jatte, framed by trees, to the red-roofed houses of the Parisian suburb of Asnières, or Courbevoie, across the Seine. The work, along with two related paintings of 1886–88, may be seen as a glorious postscript to the artist's ambitious compositions celebrating this stretch of the Seine: the "Bathers at Asnières" (1883–84, The National Gallery, London) and "A Sunday on La Grande Jatte" (1884–86, The Art Institute of Chicago). Returning to the riverbanks to paint landscape motifs, Seurat sought "to transcribe most exactly the vivid outdoor clarity [of nature] in all its nuances" using a technique known as Divisionism (also called Pointillism). The overall effect was enhanced by the painted border, added shortly before the picture was first exhibited in 1889.
Provenance Alexandre Séon, Paris (after April 1890–at least 1912; gift of the artist); [Walther Halvorsen, Paris, until summer 1921; sold for Fr 28,000 to Quinn]; John Quinn, New York (1921–d. 1924); his sister, Julia Quinn Anderson, New York (from 1924); her daughter, Mary Anderson Conroy, San Mateo, Calif. (until d. 1970); her widower, Dr. Thomas F. Conroy, San Mateo, Calif. (1970–71; sold on October 14, 1971 to Wildenstein); [Wildenstein, New York, 1971–72; sold on February 8, 1972 to Annenberg]; Walter H. and Leonore Annenberg, Rancho Mirage, Calif. (1972–2002; jointly with MMA, 2002–his d. October 1; his bequest to MMA)
Exhibition History Musée d'art moderne. "La VIme exposition des XX," February 1889, no. 3 (as "Temps gris").
Pavillon de la Ville de Paris. "Salon des Indépendants (6e exposition)," March 20–April 27, 1890, no. 733 (as "Temps gris. Grande-Jatte").
Pavillon de la Ville de Paris. "Salon des Indépendants (8e exposition)," March 19–April 27, 1892, no. 1091 (as "Temps gris à la Grande-Jatte," lent by M. Séon).
Brussels. Musée moderne. "Exposition des peintres impressionnistes," February 25–March 29, 1904, no. 148 (as "Temps gris; île de la Grande-Jatte," lent by Alexandre Séon).
Paris. Grands Serres de la Ville de Paris (Cours-la-Rei. "Société des Artistes Indépendants, 21me exposition, rétrospective Georges Seurat," March 24–April 30, 1905, no. 41 (as "Temps gris à la Grande-Jatte," lent by André Séon) [see Refs. Rishel 1991 and Monneret 2000].
New York. Sculptors' Gallery. "Contemporary French Art," March 24–April 10, 1921, no. 119 (as "Landscape," 1889, lent by John Quinn).
New York. Joseph Brummer. "Georges Seurat," December 4–27, 1924, no. 16 (as "Paysage," lent by the Estate of John Quinn).
New York. Jacques Seligmann. "Exhibition of French Masters from Courbet to Seurat," March 22–April 17, 1937, no. 23 (as "Paysage," lent anonymously).
San Francisco. California Palace of the Legion of Honor. "French 19th-Century Painting," August 14–November 5, 1971, no catalogue.
Philadelphia Museum of Art. "Masterpieces of Impressionism & Post-Impressionism: The Annenberg Collection," May 21–September 17, 1989, unnumbered cat. (as "Gray Weather, Grande Jatte").
Washington. National Gallery of Art. "Masterpieces of Impressionism & Post-Impressionism: The Annenberg Collection," May 6–August 5, 1990, unnumbered cat.
Los Angeles County Museum of Art. "Masterpieces of Impressionism & Post-Impressionism: The Annenberg Collection," August 16–November 11, 1990, unnumbered cat.
New York. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. "Masterpieces of Impressionism & Post-Impressionism: The Annenberg Collection," June 4–October 13, 1991, unnumbered cat.
New York. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. "Georges Seurat, 1859–1891," September 24, 1991–January 12, 1992, no. 173 (as "Temps gris à la Grande Jatte," lent by the Honorable and Mrs. Walter H. Annenberg).
References Octave Maus. "Le Salon des XX, à Bruxelles." La Cravache parisienne (February 16, 1889), p. 1. Jules Christophe. "Georges Seurat." Les hommes d'aujourd'hui 8 (March–April 1890), unpaginated. Georges Lecomte. "Société des artistes indépendants." L'art moderne 10 (March 30, 1890), p. 101. Charles Angrand. Letter to Lucie Cousturier . July 4, 1912 [published in Charles Angrand: Correspondances, 1883–1926, Legny-sur-Marne, 1988] Ref. Angrand 1988]. Maximilien Luce. Letter to Signac . 1916 or 1917 [Signac archives/Ref. Herbert 1991]. Johan H. Langaard. "Georges Seurat." Kunst og Kultur 9 (1921), ill. p. 37. John Quinn. Letter to Gwen John . August 29, 1921 [mentioned in Cecily Langdale, "Gwen John," Yale University Press, New Haven, 1987, pp. 49, 127 n. 25]. John Quinn. The John Quinn Collection of Papers (1901–1926) . 1921, box 66, ledger 2, p. 55. John Quinn. Letter to Henri Pierre Roché . May 1, 1922 [published in The John Quinn Collection of Letters (1902–1924)]. Gustave Coquiot. Seurat . Paris, 1924, p. 248, ill. opp. p. 168. John Quinn, 1870–1925: Collection of Paintings, Water Colors, Drawings & Sculpture . Huntington, N.Y., 1926, p. 15. Daniel Catton Rich. Seurat and the Evolution of "La Grande Jatte" . Chicago, 1935, p. 61, no. 23. Robert J. Goldwater. "Some Aspects of the Development of Seurat's Style." Art Bulletin 23 (June 1941), p. 125, fig. 18. John Rewald. Georges Seurat . second revised ed. New York, 1946, p. 108, no. 85, ill. C[arlo]. L[udocivo]. Ragghianti. Impressionismo . 2nd ed. [lst ed. 1944]. Turin, 1947, ill. p. 51. Jacques de Laprade. Seurat . Paris, 1951, p. 58, ill. Henri Dorra and John Rewald. Seurat: L'œuvre peint, biographie et catalogue critique . Paris, 1959, pp. 238–39, no. 190, ill. C[ésar]. M[ange]. de Hauke. Seurat et son œuvre . Paris, 1961, vol. 1, pp. 132–33, no. 177, ill. Louis Hautecœur. Georges Seurat . Milan, 1972, ill. p. 47 (color). Fiorella Minervino in L'opera completa di Seurat . [1st, French ed., 1973]. Milan, 1972, pp. 104–5, no. 178, ill. Judith Zilczer. "The Noble Buyer:" John Quinn, Patron of the Avant-Garde . Exh. cat., Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden. Washington, 1978, pp. 52, 185–86. Richard Thomson. Seurat . Oxford, 1985, p. 136. Cecily Langdale. Gwen John: With a Catalogue Raisonné of the Paintings and a Selection of the Drawings . New Haven, 1987, p. 127 n. 25. Catherine Grenier. Seurat: Catalogo completo dei dipinti . Florence, 1990, p. 114, no. 177, ill. Anne Distel. Seurat . [Paris], 1991, pp. 154, 158, no. 14, ill. Robert L. Herbert et al. Georges Seurat, 1859–1891 . Exh. cat., The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, 1991, pp. 258, 260–61, 409–10, no. 173, ill. in color [French ed., pp. 299–300, no. 172, ill. in color]. Joseph J. Rishel in Masterpieces of Impressionism & Post-Impressionism: The Annenberg Collection . Exh. cat., Philadelphia Museum of Art. Philadelphia, 1991, pp. 68–71, 176–77, ill. (color and b&w) [1st edition has different page numbers]. Richard Tilston. Seurat . London, 1991, pp. 134, 146, ill. (color). Gary Tinterow. "Miracle au Met." Connaissance des arts no. 472 (June 1991), p. 38. Michael F. Zimmermann. Seurat and the Art Theory of His Time . Antwerp, 1991, pp. 440–42, 475 n. 148, fig. 595 (color). Sarah Carr-Gomm. Seurat . London, 1993, pp. 114–15, ill. in color. Matthias Waschek in In Perfect Harmony: Picture + Frame, 1850–1920 . Exh. cat., Van Gogh Museum. Amsterdam, 1995, pp. 156, 158, fig. 139 (color). Catalogue raisonné du Salon des Indépendants, 1884–2000: Les Indépendants dans l'histoire de l'art . Paris, 2000, p. 226, no. 41. Susan Alyson Stein in "Recent Acquisitions, A Selection: 2001–2002." Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 60 (Fall 2002), pp. 5, 33, ill. in color. Robert L. Herbert et al. Seurat and the Making of "La Grande Jatte" . Exh. cat., Art Institute of Chicago. Chicago, 2004, pp. 96, 132–33, ill. (color). Sylvie Patry in Le Néo-impressionnisme de Seurat à Paul Klee . Exh. cat., Musée d'Orsay. Paris, 2005, p. 144. Susan Alyson Stein in Masterpieces of European Painting, 1800–1920, in The Metropolitan Museum of Art . New York, 2007, pp. 180, 303, no. 167, ill. (color and bw).