Solway Moss, part XI, plate 52 from "Liber Studiorum"
Drawn and etched by Joseph Mallord William Turner British
Engraver Thomas Goff Lupton British
Publisher Joseph Mallord William Turner British
Not on view
Turner distilled his ideas about landscape In "Liber Studiorum" (Latin for Book of Studies), a series of seventy prints plus a frontispiece published between 1807 and 1819. To establish the compositions, he made brown watercolor drawings, then etched outlines onto copper plates. Professional engravers usually developed the tone under Turner's direction, and Lupton here added mezzotint to describe a broad estuary near the English-Scottish border. As cattle are driven across at low tide, smoke rises from low hills in the right distance, and storm clouds move across the sky. The print is lettered "P" in the upper margin, indicating Turner's category of Pastoral landscape.
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