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Oceania, 1000 B.C.–1 A.D.

• 
  Pestle Finial in the Form of a Bird, date unknown
  Mount Hagen region, Western Highlands, Papua New Guinea
  Stone

  H. 4 1/2 in. (11.4 cm)
  Purchase, Discovery Communications Inc. Gift, 1996 (1996.373.1)

Australia

Melanesia

Polynesia and Micronesia

"Estuarine" period in Arnhem Land rock art, ca. 6000 b.c.–500 a.d.

"X-ray" style in Arnhem Land rock art, ca. 2000 b.c.–present

Stone figure tradition, New Guinea Highlands, ca. 1500 b.c.–1600 a.d. (?)

Manga'asi period, Vanuatu (New Hebrides), ca. 600 b.c.–1200 a.d.

Sohano period, Solomon Islands, ca. 200 b.c.–600 a.d.

Lapita peoples, ca. 1500–500 b.c.

Maps

World Map / Oceania

Encompasses present-day Australia, island Southeast Asia, and the islands of the tropical north and south Pacific

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The era from 1000 B.C. to 1 A.D. marks a period of consolidation and development for the Lapita settlers who first reached the islands of western Polynesia between 1300 and 1000 B.C. By 500 B.C., the descendants of these first settlers begin to develop the earliest recognizably Polynesian cultures in Samoa, Tonga, and Fiji. Several centuries later, the Polynesians begin to venture out into the remote and widely separated archipelagos of the eastern Pacific, settling the Marquesas and northern Cook Islands between 200 B.C. and 1 A.D.

In the western Pacific, the era from 1000 B.C. to 1 A.D. is characterized by growing trade and interaction between the indigenous peoples of island Southeast Asia and cultures on the Asian mainland. Beginning in roughly 600 B.C., the Dongson culture, known for its extensive bronzeworking traditions, becomes active in Vietnam. Over the ensuing centuries, Dongson drums (2000.284.57) and other bronze objects are traded extensively in island Southeast Asia and their imagery becomes an important influence on the region's indigenous artistic traditions. Trade goods from the islands also begin to appear on the mainland. Between 200 B.C. and 200 A.D., records and archaeological finds from the Han dynasty and the Roman empire show that clove, which grows only in the Maluku region of eastern Indonesia, is present in locations as widely dispersed as China and southern Europe.

• ca. 1500–500 B.C. Lapita peoples settle Island Melanesia and Western Polynesia.
• ca. 500 B.C. Decoration of Lapita pottery ceases and Lapita cultures begin to diversify into recognizably Polynesian forms.
• ca. 600 B.C.–1200 A.D. Art of the Manga'asi period, characterized by pottery vessels with incised and applied geometric motifs, flourishes in Vanuatu. A fragmentary pottery figure, depicting an animal, is also known from this period.
• ca. 400 B.C.–present Pottery is manufactured in Papua New Guinea and extensively traded.
• ca. 200 B.C.–600 A.D. Sohano-period art of the Solomon Islands is characterized by pottery with geometric decoration, demonstrating links with the preceding Lapita tradition.
• ca. 1 A.D. Trade links are established between New Guinea and island Southeast Asia.

	Pestle Finial in the Form of a Bird, date unknown Mount Hagen region, Western Highlands, Papua New Guinea Stone; H. 4 1/2 in. (11.4 cm) Purchase, Discovery Communications Inc. Gift, 1996 (1996.373.1)

Timelines

• Southeast Asia, 1000 b.c.–1 a.d.

Maps

• Oceania, 1000 b.c.–1 a.d.
• World, 1000 b.c.–1 a.d.

Index Terms

Art Movement/Style

• Oceanic and Pacific Art on the Solomon Islands
• Stone Figure Tradition in New Guinea
• Stone Figure Tradition in Oceanic and Pacific Art

Geography/Place

• Oceania
• Australia
• Melanesia
• Micronesia
• Polynesia

Thematic Essays

• The Asmat
• Lapita Pottery (ca. 1500–500 b.c.)
• Micronesia
• New Caledonia
• New Ireland
• Prehistoric Stone Sculpture from New Guinea
• The Solomon Islands
• X-ray style in Arnhem Land Rock Art

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Citation

"Oceania, 1000 B.C.–1 A.D.". In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/?period=04®ion=oc (October 2000)

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