November 25, 2000 - January 7, 2001
Medieval Sculpture Hall
The Christmas tree and Neapolitan Baroque crèche at The Metropolitan Museum of Art, a long-established yuletide tradition in New York, will be on view for the holiday season beginning Saturday, November 25. The brightly lit, 20-foot blue spruce – with a collection of 18th-century Neapolitan angels and cherubs among its boughs and groups of realistic crèche figures flanking the Nativity scene at its base – will once again delight holiday visitors in the Museum's Medieval Sculpture Hall. Set in front of the 18th-century Spanish choir screen from the Cathedral of Valladolid, with recorded Christmas music in the background, the installation reflects the spirit of the holiday season. There will be a spectacular lighting ceremony every Friday and Saturday evening at 7:00 p.m., beginning Friday, December 1.
The installation is made possible by The Loretta Hines Howard Trust.
The annual Christmas display is the result of the generosity, enthusiasm, and dedication of the late Loretta Hines Howard, who began collecting crèche figures in 1925 and soon after conceived the idea of combining the Roman Catholic custom of elaborate Nativity scenes with the tradition of decorated Christmas trees that had developed among the largely Protestant people of northern Europe. This unusual combination first was presented to the public in 1957, when the Metropolitan Museum initially exhibited Mrs. Howard's collection. More than two hundred 18th-century Neapolitan crèche figures were given to the Museum by Loretta Hines Howard starting in 1964, and they have been displayed each holiday season for over 30 years. Linn Howard, Mrs. Howard's daughter, worked with her mother for many years on the annual installation. Since her mother's death in 1982, she has continued to create new settings for the figures that she adds to the collection. In keeping with family tradition, Linn Howard's daughter, artist Andrea Selby Rossi, now joins her mother each year in creating the display.
The Museum's towering tree, glowing with light, is adorned with cherubs and some 50 large and gracefully suspended angels. The landscape at the base displays the figures and scenery of the Neapolitan Christmas crib. This display mingles the three basic elements traditional in 18th-century Naples: the Nativity, with adoring shepherds and their flocks; the procession of the three Magi and their exotically dressed retinue of Asians and Africans; and, most distinctively, a crowd of colorful townspeople and peasants. The theatrical scene is enhanced by a charming assortment of animals – sheep, goats, horses, a camel, and an elephant – and by background pieces serving as the dramatic setting for the Nativity, including the ruins of a Roman temple, several quaint houses, and a typical Italian fountain with a lion's-mask waterspout.
The origin of the popular Christmas custom of restaging the Nativity traditionally is credited to Saint Francis of Assisi. The employment of man-made figures to reenact the hallowed events soon developed and reached its height of complexity and artistic excellence in 18th-century Naples. There, local families vied to outdo each other in presenting elaborate and theatrical crèche displays, often assisted by professional stage directors. The finest sculptors of the period – including Giuseppe Sammartino and his pupils Salvatore di Franco, Giuseppe Gori, and Angelo Viva – were called on to model the terracotta heads and shoulders of the extraordinary crèche figures. The Howard collection includes numerous examples of works attributed to them as well as to other prominent artists.
The Museum's crèche figures, each a work of art, range from six to 20 inches in height. They have articulated bodies of woven twine and wire, heads and shoulders modeled in
terracotta and polychromed to perfection. The luxurious and colorful costumes, many of which are original, were often sewn by women of the collecting families and enriched by jewels, embroideries, and elaborate accessories, including gilded censers, scimitars and daggers, and silver filigree baskets. The placement of the approximately 50 large angels on the Christmas tree and the composition of the crèche figures and landscape vary slightly from year to year as new figures are added.
Concerts
As part of the Christmas celebration, several concerts will be performed in front of the tree in the Medieval Sculpture Hall. They are scheduled for 6:30 and 8:30 p.m. as follows: the a cappella vocal ensemble Chanticleer on December 3 (sold out); traditional carols and works by Mendelssohn and others by the American Classical Orchestra on December 10 (sold out), which will be presented in the Charles Engelhard Court; "On Yoolis Night", medieval English carols and motets by Anonymous 4 on December 13; medieval Christmas music by Hildegard von Bingen and others by the Ensemble for Early Music on December 20; Moravian Christmas music, and arias from Bach's cantatas and Christmas Oratorio by The Aulos Ensemble on December 21. Concert tickets are $50 each; tickets are available by calling the Department of Concerts and Lectures at 212-570-3949.
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Events at The Cloisters
The Cloisters, the Metropolitan Museum's branch in northern Manhattan for medieval art, will also celebrate the holiday season with an array of events. Herbs, berries, and greens linked with the medieval celebration of Christmastide deck The Cloisters from early-December through early January. The arched doorways of the Main Hall will be adorned with ivy, nuts, and apples from December 5 to 31. A sheath of wheat, bound with ivy, will stand in the lavabo in the Cuxa Cloister, and an evergreen garland will festoon the Italian ciborium in Langon Chapel from December 5 through January 7. Concerts at The Cloisters will present three programs to celebrate the season: Il
Laudario di Cortona by Lionheart, the acclaimed six-man a cappella ensemble, on December 3 ($28); In Winter's Glance – A Celebration of the Season by Zorgina, a three-woman a cappella group, on December 10 ($28); and A Christmas Story by The Waverly Consort on December 16 and 17 ($38 each). For children ages four to 12 and their adult friends, Gallery Workshops entitled Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star and Medieval Musicians will be offered on December 2 and January 6 respectively. Additional educational programs will include a storytelling of Winter Tales on December 30, a gallery talk entitled With Garlands Gay and Rosemary: Christmas in the Middle Ages on December 23, and the performance Christo è Nato - Lauding the Nativity in Medieval Florence by world-renowned counter-tenor Drew Minter with the Trefoil ensemble on December 27 and 28. For further information about The Cloisters and these programs, please call 212-650-2290.
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October 13, 2000
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