Nyeleni figure

Standing female figures carved with slender waists, conical breasts, pronounced buttocks, and elaborate, crested coiffures were performed during the initiation of young Bamana blacksmiths into the Jo civic society. That “opening of the eyes” (nyé yèlé) was the culmination of a seven-year period of learning, or jo kalan. Male graduates marked the momentous transformation by embarking on a regional “grand tour” to demonstrate their newfound knowledge and entertain their hosts in neighboring villages. During that trip, youths from blacksmith families incorporated the display of nyeleniw (plural, little pretty ones) in their performances. Witnesses to these events have remarked that the figures made the performances more enjoyable and successful, and helped the performers win praise and earn gifts. They also announced the initiates’ eligibility for marriage.




Blacksmiths were expected to lavish their figures with care; prior to performance they were washed, oiled, and adorned with cloths, earrings, bracelets, and other refinements. Elements of this figure’s handling are visible in the thick layer of shiny oil coating the face and neck, as well as the hoop earring extending from her proper left ear and the striped cloth tied around her hips. She is further distinguished by the relatively naturalistic treatment of her form with a rounded abdomen, articulated arms and legs, and a delicate treatment of the facial features.