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Saints Christopher, Eustace, and Erasmus (Three Helper Saints)

ca. 1500–1505
On view at The Met Cloisters in Gallery 20
The figures in this relief represent three of the fourteen Helper Saints, venerated as a group since the early 1300s. They became particularly popular in the south of Germany after 1446, when it was believed they appeared in a vision to a shepherd in Upper Franconia. Represented here are Saint Christopher carrying the Christ Child; Saint Eustace, a general in Trajan’s army who converted to Christianity; and Saint Erasmus, a Syrian bishop in episcopal regalia. The figures are carved from a single piece of limewood, with an added piece giving additional depth to Saint Christopher. The overlapping of figures allowed the three or four groups of saints to be joined with no apparent seam and also created a sense of great depth. The meticulous carving and small scale suggest that the original group was an independent relief in a niche or a shrine. Although Saint Christopher looks to the left, the general movement of the figures is to the right, indicating that this piece was originally at the left side of the relief. The finely carved details and the decorative punch work, all of which would have been obscured by a layer of paint, are evidence that the sculpture was never intended to be painted.

Artwork Details

Object Information
  • Title: Saints Christopher, Eustace, and Erasmus (Three Helper Saints)
  • Artist: Tilman Riemenschneider (German, 1460–1531)
  • Date: ca. 1500–1505
  • Geography: Made in Würzburg, Germany
  • Culture: German
  • Medium: Limewood
  • Dimensions: Overall: 21 x 13 x 4 3/4 in. (53.3 x 33 x 12.1 cm)
  • Classification: Sculpture-Wood
  • Credit Line: The Cloisters Collection, 1961
  • Object Number: 61.86
  • Curatorial Department: Medieval Art and The Cloisters

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Standing Bishop, Tilman Riemenschneider German, Limewood with paint and gilding, German
Standing Bishop
Tilman Riemenschneider
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Seated Bishop, Tilman Riemenschneider German, Limewood and gray-black stain, German
Seated Bishop
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ca. 1495
Saint Stephen, Hans Leinberger German, Limewood with traces of paint, South German
Saint Stephen
Hans Leinberger
ca. 1525–30
Saint Christopher Carrying Christ, Limewood, German
Saint Christopher Carrying Christ
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Virgin and Child on a Crescent Moon, Limewood with paint, German
Virgin and Child on a Crescent Moon
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