Statue of Anubis as a recumbent canid
The jackal was found in two pieces and in the vicinity of other statues of recumbent jackals which actually lay beneath remains of a remarkable reed structure. The reed structure comprised panels made of vertical bundles of round reeds, bound and lashed with reed fiber ties, and strengthened with cross members at intervals. It seemed to the excavators that the elements found were originally part of a tall. four-sided pavilion with a square or rectangular ground plan, originally roofed and possibly provided with double doors at the front. Being composed of reeds, such a pavilion could only be for temporary use during a specific ritual, festival, or funerary ceremonies. Embalming tents, called in Egyptian ibou, are constructed of reeds and fibers, and are known to have been used in the funeral ceremonies of the Apis bull and so presumably also for the Mother of Apis cow. Anubis being the god of embalming, it is tempting to speculate the jackal statues originally stood somewhere in the temple precincts in the vicinity of the area used for the embalming pavilions.
Artwork Details
- Title: Statue of Anubis as a recumbent canid
- Period: End of Late Period–Ptolemaic Period
- Date: 343–30 BCE
- Geography: From Egypt, Memphite Region, North Saqqara, Sacred Animal Necropolis, Temple deposit, EES excavations 1966–67
- Medium: Limestone, originally painted black
- Dimensions: L. 64 × W. 16.5 × H. 38.1 cm, 20 kg (25 3/16 × 6 1/2 × 15 in., 44 lb.)
- Credit Line: Adelaide Milton de Groot Fund, in memory of the de Groot and Hawley families, 1969
- Object Number: 69.105
- Curatorial Department: Egyptian Art
Audio
1117. Kids: Recumbent Anubis
[SOUND: WILD DOG/JACKAL HOWLS]
In Egypt to this day, wild dogs in the desert stretch out in the alert-looking posture you see in this statue. They’re guarding their territory against other dogs and wild animals. The dogs seem to be drawn to cemeteries, perhaps because they’re usually located some distance from where people live.
The ancient Egyptians noticed that jackals, an animal related to wild dogs, also claimed burial grounds as their territory. Jackals are scavengers, who sometimes dug for food in the graveyard. To the people who saw them, these watchful animals seemed to take an interest in the bodies of the dead. Artists represented the Egyptian god of mummification, named Anubis, with a jackal’s head. This statue shows Anubis completely in animal form, as a jackal. The priests who embalmed bodies sometimes wore masks shaped like the head of Anubis.
Why do so many Egyptian gods look like animals? The ancient Egyptians saw that many animals can do certain things better than humans. For instance, birds can fly; bulls have great physical strength; and falcons have incredibly sharp eyes. To the Egyptians, each of these animals had a bit of superhuman power, and could teach people more about the nature of the gods.
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