In 1920 a wealthy landowner in southeastern France purchased the derelict estate of a distant relative, Joseph-Philibert Girault de Prangey. He found in the attic a collection of wood boxes containing a vast visual trove—hundreds of daguerreotypes by an unknown artist of monumental ambition. One of the most significant discoveries in the history of photography, this treasure remained mostly hidden for eighty years, until 2003, when the owner’s descendants held the first of several sales.
Girault worked with unusually large plates, innovating a process to expose more than one image on each plate and then cut them apart. A fastidious archivist, he carefully labeled the resulting photographs and stored them according to size in custom-built boxes. He inventoried his collection several times, as evidenced by inscriptions on the box lids. Girault’s unique and arresting works—more than one thousand survive, many of which are on view in the current exhibition—attest to a photographic feat that remains unparalleled in scope and scale.
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Credit Line:Purchase, Mr. and Mrs. John A. Moran Gift, in memory of Louise Chisholm Moran, Joyce F. Menschel Gift, Joseph Pulitzer Bequest, 2016 Benefit Fund, and Gift of Dr. Mortimer D. Sackler, Theresa Sackler and Family, 2016
Object Number:2016.648
Girault de Prangey (1804–1892), Courcelles-Val-D’Esnoms, France; by descent to Adrien de Tricornot (d. 1902); [...]; Comte Charles de Simony, Rivière-les-Fosses, France, 1920–1952; by descent to Simony's heirs, France, until 2016; (Christie’s London and New York, direct sale, 2016)
Girault de Prangey died without direct heirs in 1892 and left his estate, the Villa des Tuaires, to a cousin, Adrien de Tricornot, who entrusted its maintenance to Girault’s former groundskeepers, Claude and Catherine Blin. The Blins, along with Girault’s caretakers Gérard and Marie Flocard and their great-grandson, Robert, continued to maintain the villa after Tricornot’s death in 1902. Claude Blin died in 1914, as did his son Julien, who was killed at Les Vosges in World War I. Catherine Blin and her daughters, Marie, Esther, and Eugénie, were unable to keep up the estate after the war and it was purchased, in 1920, by Comte Charles de Simony (1869–1952), a land-owning neighbor and Girault’s distant relative. In a 1934 memoir, Simony stated that before the villa was demolished in 1922, he had discovered 856 daguerreotypes (the majority labelled and dated by Girault) stored in twenty-one purpose-built wood boxes. Simony later made additional box and plate counts, however, that slightly differ from each other but indicate a greater number of boxes (twenty-nine) and plates (more than 900). In 1950, Simony donated sixty-one plates to the Musée Guerin in Switzerland and twenty plates to the Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF); in 1952, the year of his death, he sold ten plates to the collector and photo historian Helmut Gernsheim, which are now at the University of Texas at Austin. The antiquarian bookseller André Jammes also obtained at least twenty-five plates in 1970 when he advised Simony’s family and heirs, who kept the collection, on conserving the daguerreotypes; some of these were later sold at auction (notably at Sotheby’s, Paris, November 15, 2008). In 2000, Christie’s negotiated a private treaty sale of a further 158 plates to the BnF, acquired for the French government. That sale granted Christie’s the necessary export licenses to offer an additional 233 plates at auctions in London (May 20, 2003 and May 18, 2004) and New York (October 7, 2010). In addition to other private sales, auctions have also been conducted from collections of daguerreotypes and other artwork that was either given away by Girault before his death in 1892 or taken from his villa before it was sold to Simony in 1920 (most notably, Christie’s Paris, November 12, 2015; and Sotheby's Paris, November 9, 2018).
New York. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Photographs. "Monumental Journey: The Daguerreotypes of Girault de Prangey," January 28–May 12, 2019.
Pinson, Stephen C. Monumental Journey: The Daguerreotypes of Girault de Prangey. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2019.
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