Danae and the Shower of Gold
Despite operating for just a few years between 1753 and 1756, the York House factory in Battersea remains the most renowned of all British enamel manufactories because of the superior quality of its transfer printed designs. This decorative plaque depicts the conception of the Greek hero Perseus when Zeus appears to Danae as a shower of golden coins. Another plaque depicting the same subject is also in the museum’s collection (64.101.803).
Enameled objects like this one were intended to imitate the lustrous quality of porcelain at more affordable prices. By the middle of the eighteenth century, technological innovations had made it possible to roll copper, instead of the far costlier gold, into very thin sheets. Powdered glass mixed with minerals (to determine the opacity and color of the enamel) would then be applied onto the copper sheets and fired at high temperatures. A design—whether a famous portrait, generic pastoral scene, or floral motif— could be painted on by hand or copied from an engraving through the newly invented process of transfer printing. Many enameled objects combined both methods of decoration and would be refired after the application of each new layer or color.
Enameled objects like this one were intended to imitate the lustrous quality of porcelain at more affordable prices. By the middle of the eighteenth century, technological innovations had made it possible to roll copper, instead of the far costlier gold, into very thin sheets. Powdered glass mixed with minerals (to determine the opacity and color of the enamel) would then be applied onto the copper sheets and fired at high temperatures. A design—whether a famous portrait, generic pastoral scene, or floral motif— could be painted on by hand or copied from an engraving through the newly invented process of transfer printing. Many enameled objects combined both methods of decoration and would be refired after the application of each new layer or color.
Artwork Details
- Title: Danae and the Shower of Gold
- Engraver: Simon Francis Ravenet, the elder (French, Paris 1706–1774 London)
- Designer: possibly James Gwim (Irish, Kildare ca. 1700–1769 London)
- Manufactory: York House (British)
- Date: ca. 1753–56
- Culture: British, Battersea
- Medium: Enamel on copper
- Dimensions: confirmed: 3 7/8 × 4 1/4 × 3/16 in. (9.8 × 10.8 × 0.5 cm)
- Classification: Enamels-Painted
- Credit Line: Gift of Mrs. James M. Kellogg, in memory of her husband, 2023
- Object Number: 2023.441.94
- Curatorial Department: European Sculpture and Decorative Arts
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Multiple artists/makers
ca. 1753–56
Multiple artists/makers
18th century
Multiple artists/makers
18th century
Multiple artists/makers
18th century
Multiple artists/makers
18th century
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