The religion that we now call Hinduism begins to take recognizable shape in this period and is patronized by the powerful regional kingdoms that rise up in the wake of Gupta power. Hindu temples dominate the physical and cultural landscape of dynamic urban centers, patronized by powerful kings and managed by Brahman priests. Buddhist and Jain centers also thrive. Islam enters the South Asian cultural and religious landscape with the arrival of traders and, later, invaders from the west.