الصلب ويوم الحشر
Jan van Eyck Netherlandish
On view at The Met Fifth Avenue in Gallery 605
هاتان اللّوحتان اللّتان يتجاور فيهما فداء المسيح من أجل خلاص الإنسان ويوم الحشر هما من الأعمال المتأخرة لجان فان آيك أصيل مدينة بروج وأشهر رسّام في القرن الخامس عشر الميلادي بأوروبا. وتصوّر لوحة الصلب الحدث كما لو رآه شاهد عيان. وينتهي المشهد على منظر يغيب في الأفق. ومقابل ذلك تَنبني لوحة يوم الحشر على أجزاء ثلاثة، وتعكس مراتبُ الشخوص ما لها من أهمّيّة. وتتجسّد معاني النصّ المنقوش على الإطارَين ( الأصليَّين) على نحو حرفيّ في اللّوحتَين ممّا يحدث تفاعلاً بين الكلمات والصور. وقد ساهم أحد المساعدين مساهمة جزئيّة في رسم النصف الأعلى من لوحة يوم الحشر.
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Fig. 1. “The Holy Women at the Tomb,” plaque from the Reliquary of the Stone of the Sepulcher of Christ, Byzantine, 1150–1200, Constantinople (Musée du Louvre, Paris © 1987 RMN-Grand Palais, Musée du Louvre / Daniel Arnaudet)
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Fig. 2. Barthélemy d’Eyck, “Sainte Hostie de Dijon,” from Hours of René d’Anjou, 1442–43 (British Library, London, MS. Egerton 1070, fol. 110. © The British Library)
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Fig. 3. 15th-century reliquary cross with three host relics at the center. Estienne Ydens, "Histoire du S. Sacrement de Miracle," 1605, p. 72.
Fig. 6. Infrared reflectography (IRR) detail of the underdrawing in "The Last Judgment" showing the crown on the Virgin’s head
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Fig. 7. Hypothetical reconstruction of the Miraculous Bleeding Host reliquary shrine for the chapel in the Church of Saints Michel and Gudula, 1436–38 © C. La Fontaine
Fig. 8. Infrared reflectography (IRR) detail of the proposed portraits of Cardinal Albergati and Philip of Burgundy in "The Crucifixion"
Fig. 9. Painted detail of the proposed portraits of Cardinal Albergati and Philip of Burgundy in "The Crucifixion"
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Fig. 10. Jan van Eyck, "Portrait of Cardinal Niccolò Albergati," ca. 1435, silverpoint drawing, 21.2 x 18 cm (Kupferstichkabinett, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden; photo: Herbert Boswank)
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Fig. 11. Jan van Eyck, "Portrait of Cardinal Niccolò Albergati," 1438, oil on wood, 34 x 29.5 cm (Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna © KHM-Museumsverband)
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Fig. 12. Reconstruction of the 33.92ab in an Italian-style tabernacle frame, according to the 16th-century inventory © Drawing Dan Kershaw
Fig. 15. Detail of outer sides of frames, oriented face to face, holes left by latching hardware indicated with arrows
Fig. 16. Details of x-radiographs with arrows showing cavities associated with hardware from triptych arrangement, above a similarly positioned latch ©Verougstraete 2015, p.109, fig. b.
Fig. 17. Detail from "Tthe Crucifixion" in normal light and infrared reflectograms; yellow arrows indicate the bold underdrawing, while white arrows indicate the finer underdrawn lines
Fig. 18. Detail from "Tthe Crucifixion" in normal light and infrared reflectograms; yellow arrows indicate the bold underdrawing, while white arrows indicate the finer underdrawn lines
Fig. 19. Detail from "The Last Judgment" ©The Met, Juan Trujillo, in collaboration with KIK-IRPA, Brussels
Fig. 20. Detail from “The Crucifixion” ©The Met, Juan Trujillo, in collaboration with KIK-IRPA, Brussels
Fig. 21. The lower member of “The Last Judgment” frame shown in: A. Before treatment photography B. X-radiography C. Lead distribution map obtained by macro X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) D. After treatment photography. ©The Met, Departments of Paintings Conservation and Scientific Research
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Fig. 22. Profile drawing of frame. W 1 3/8 in. 3.5 cm (T. Newbery)