Marble funerary altar of Cominia Tyche
Apart from the arresting portrait with Cominia's massive hairdo of a late Flavian or early Trajanic style, the funerary altar is remarkable for the details that the inscriptions provides about her age and character, and sense of loss expressed by her husband. In giving her exact age at death in terms of months and days as well as years, it implies that her date of birth had been recorded and was known to her grieving husband.
Artwork Details
- Title: Marble funerary altar of Cominia Tyche
- Period: Flavian or Trajanic
- Date: ca. 90–100 CE
- Culture: Roman
- Medium: Marble
- Dimensions: H. 40 in. (101.6 cm)
- Classification: Stone Sculpture
- Credit Line: Gift of Philip Hofer, 1938
- Object Number: 38.27
- Curatorial Department: Greek and Roman Art
Audio
1205. Marble funerary altar of Cominia Tyche
To the spirits of the dead. Lucius Annius Festus set this up for the most saintly Cominia Tyche, his most chaste and loving wife, who lived 27 years, 11 months, and 28 days, and also for himself and for his descendants.
So reads the Latin inscription on this marble funerary altar. It identifies the portrait bust as that of a Roman woman—Cominia Tyche—who died just before her twenty-eighth birthday. Her death may seem very premature by today’s standards. However, the mortality rate for women in ancient Rome was high, mostly because of childbirth. The inscription emphasizes Cominia’s piety and chastity—virtues expected of any proper Roman matron.
Cominia wears an elaborate coiffure. Rows of tight, snail-like curls are piled atop her head. This style is typical of female portrait sculpture during the Flavian dynasty, between 69 and 96 A.D. It was first popularized by ladies of the Imperial court, and then imitated by other Roman women.
Around the side of the altar, is a small jug and a patera, or shallow bowl with a handle. They are the kind of vessels that were used to pour liquid offerings as an act of commemorating the deceased.
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