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Figure: Seated Female Supporting Figure with Clasped Hands

Master of Kasadi

Not on view

In the Mayombe region, the term “Phemba” designates the mother and founder of a clan. In view of contextual information gathered relating to the figure collected by the Protestant missionary Léo Bittremieux, all Kongo “mother and child” sculptures have been categorized as phemba and described as instruments used by priests. This assumption is problematic, given that Kongo carvers produced closely related sculptural forms for different patrons, including staffs of office for chiefs and masks and minkisi commissioned by priests. In the absence of documentation concerning a specific work’s original use, determining its role is speculative.

Figure: Seated Female Supporting Figure with Clasped Hands, Master of Kasadi, Wood, metal, kaolin, Kongo peoples, Yombe group

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Seated Female Figure with Child, front view