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Title:Courbevoie: Factories by Moonlight
Artist:Georges Seurat (French, Paris 1859–1891 Paris)
Date:1882–83
Medium:Conté crayon
Dimensions:9 5/16 x 12 1/4 in. (23.6 x 31.2 cm)
Classification:Drawings
Credit Line:Gift of Alexander and Gregoire Tarnopol, 1976
Accession Number:1976.243
Usines sous la Lune
La Lune à Courbevoie
Inscription: On verso, in red pencil: "180 / Seurat / S" [posthumous inventory dessin number]
On verso, at top of sheet, partially cut off: "A" [?]
M. G. Lemmen, 1891 until at least 1892and possibly until his death in 1916, probably given by the artist's family; Alfred Vallotton; Félix Fénéon (French)until his death in 1944; subsequently his estate, 1944-47; Second Fénéon sale, Paris, Hôtel Drouot, May 30, 1947, lot 41., 103,000 francs.; Grégoire Tarnopolby 1948 - 1971
Wildenstein & Co., Inc. "Six Masters of Post-Impressionism : Cézanne, Gauguin, Seurat, Lautrec, Rousseau, van Gogh," April 8, 1948–May 8, 1948.
New York. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. "Seurat: Drawings and Oil Sketches from New York Collections," September 29–November 27, 1977.
New York. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. "French Drawings Recently Acquired, 1975-1984," November 27, 1984–February 10, 1985.
Paris. Galeries nationales du Grand Palais. "Seurat, 1859–1891," April 9–August 12, 1991.
New York. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. "Drawings and Prints: Selections from the Permanent Collection," July 27–October 25, 2004.
Museum of Modern Art, New York. "Georges Seurat: The Drawings," October 9, 2007–January 7, 2008.
New York. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. "Drawings and Prints: Selections from the Permanent Collection," October 4, 2010–January 3, 2011.
Vienna. Albertina. "Seurat, Signac, Van Gogh. Ways of Pointillism," September 16, 2016–January 8, 2017.
Paris. Musée de l'Orangerie. "Félix Fénéon (1861–1944): Les Temps nouveaux, de Seurat à Matisse," October 15, 2019–January 27, 2020.
New York. Museum of Modern Art. "Félix Fénéon: The Anarchist and the Avant-Garde—From Signac to Matisse and Beyond," April 16, 2020–January 2, 2021.
de Hauke 536; Paris-New York 1991, no. 63
Société des artistes indépendants, 2e exposition. Exh. cat., Paris, Rue des Tuileries, Bâtiment B, 21 August - 21 September 1886. Société des Artistes Indépendants, Paris, 1886, cat. no. hors cat.
Neuvieme exposition annuelle des XX. Exh. cat., Brussels, Musee d'Art Moderne, 6 February - 6 March 1892. Les XX, Brussels, 1892, cat. no. 29.
Lucie Cousturier Les Dessins de Georges Seurat Exh. cat., Paris, Galeries Bernheim-Jeune, 29 November - 24 December 1926. Bernheim-Jeune et Cie, Paris, Paris, 1926, cat. no. 96.
Gustave Kahn Les Dessins de Georges Seurat (1859-1891) [2 portfolios of reproductions]. Bernheim-Jeune et Cie, Paris, vol. 2, Paris, 1928, fig. no. pl. 80, ill.
Exposition Seurat Exh. cat., Paris, Galerie Paul Rosenberg, 3 - 29 February 1936. Galerie Paul Rosenberg, Paris, Paris, 1936, cat. no. 78.
Collection Fénéon (Deuxième Vente): Tableaux Modernes - Dessins - Aquarelles - Gouaches - Pastels Sale Catalogue. Hôtel Drouot, Paris, Paris, May 30, 1947, cat. no. 41, ill.
Six Masters of Post-Impressionism: Cézanne, Gauguin, Seurat, Lautrec, Rousseau, van Gogh. Exh. cat., 8 April - 8 May. Wildenstein & Co., Inc., New York, 1948, cat. no. 54.
César de Hauke Seurat et son oeuvre. vol. 2, Paris, 1961, cat. no. 536, pp. 126-127, ill.
John Russell Seurat. Oxford University Press, New York and Toronto, 1965, fig. no. 57, pp. 68, 276, ill.
Gustave Kahn, Stanley Appelbaum The Drawings of Georges Seurat [Translation and reprint of 'Les Dessins de Georges Seurat', Paris, 1928]. Dover Books, New York, 1971, fig. no. 100, ill.
Jacob Bean "Departmental Accessions: Drawings." in Annual Report of the Trustees of The Metropolitan Museum of Art, July 1, 1976 - June 30, 1977. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, no. 107, New York, 1977, p. 45.
Hilton Kramer "Seurat, A Master of Elusive Perceptions" New York Times. 30 September,. New York, 1977, p. 62.
Jacob Bean Seurat, Drawings and Oil Sketches from New York Collections. Exh. cat.: September 29 - November 27, 1977. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1977, cat. no. 14.
Richard Thomson Seurat. Phaidon Press, Oxford, 1985, fig. no. pl. 60, pp. 60, 61, ill.
Lorenz Dittmann "Seurats ort in der Geschichte des Helldunkel." in Baukunst des Mittelalters in Europa; Hans Erich Kubach zum 75. Geburtstag. Stuttgarter Gesellschaft für Kunst und Denkmalpflege, Stuttgart, 1988, p. 756.
Roger Cardon Georges Lemmen (1865-1916). Pandora , Anvers, Antwerp, 1990, p. 93.
Alain Madeleine-Perdrillat, Jean-Marie Clarke Seurat. Editions Albert Skira (Geneva), Rizzoli (New York), French & English eds. published simultaneously by Skira &Rizzoli. Geneva and New York, 1990, p. 106, ill.
Robert L. Herbert, Françoise Cachin, Anne Distel, Susan Alyson Stein, Gary Tinterow Georges Seurat, 1859-1891. Exh. cat., Paris, Grand Palais, 9 April 1991 - 12 August 1991, and MMA, 24 September 1991 - 12 January 1992. Harry N. Abrams, Inc., The Metropolitan Museum of Art, English version; French version also published. New York, 1991-1992, cat. no. 63, pp. 89-90, ill.
Michael F. Zimmermann, Jérôme Ferry, Solange Schnall, Karin Fanny Williams Les Mondes de Seurat, son oeuvre et le débat artistique de son temps. Fonds Mercator (Anvers), Albin Michel (Paris), French edition (also see German ed.). Antwerp and Paris, 1991, fig. no. 197, pp. 113, 114, ill.
A. M. Hammacher Silhouette of Seurat. Rijksmuseum, Otterlo, 1994, p. 20, ill.
Paris-Bruxelles, Bruxelles-Paris : réalisme, impressionnisme, symbolisme, art nouveau : Les relations artistiques entre la France et la Belgique, 1848 - 1914 Exh. cat., Paris, Grand Palais, 18 March - 14 July 1997, and Brussels, Musée des Beaux-Arts, 6 September - 14 December 1997. Fonds Mercator , Anvers, Réunion des Musées Nationaux , Paris, Antwerp and Paris, 1997, cat. no. 227, p. 320, ill.
Jodi Hauptman, Richard Thomson, Richard Shiff, Karl Buchberg, Hubert Damisch, Bridget Riley George Seurat: The Drawings. Exh. cat. Museum of Modern Art, New York, New York, 2007, cat. no. 64, p. 251, ill.
Louis-Antoine Prat Le Dessin français au XIXe siècle. Somogy Editions d'Art, Paris, 2011, fig. no. 1393, p. 581, ill.
Ways of Pointillism. Heinz Widauer, Hirmer Verlag, Vienna, 2016, cat. no. 2, pp. 31-32, 36, and 285, ill.
Isabelle Cahn, Isabelle Cahn, Philippe Peltier, Musée de l'Orangerie Félix Fénéon: Critique, collectionneur, anarchiste. Réunion des Musées Nationaux, Paris, 2019, cat. no. 48, pp. 110, ill.
Isabelle Cahn, Museum of Modern Art Félix Fénéon: The Anarchist and the Avant-Garde. Museum of Modern Art, New York, 2020, cat. no. 26, pp. 87, 232, ill.
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