Scarab with Scroll and Hieroglyphs
Middle Kingdom
Designs with twirling continuous lines and coils, sometimes forming complicated woven patterns, appear on scarabs in the early Middle Kingdom and become particularly popular from the later part of Dynasty 12 onward, during the late Middle Kingdom (late Dynasty 12–Dynasty 13, ca. 1850–1640 B.C.). In some cases they are accompanied by hieroglyphs with protective meaning.
Soon afterwards, these often complex linear designs were imitated on Canaanite scarabs of the Middle Bronze Age (contemporary with the Second Intermediate Period in Egypt, ca. 1640–1550 B.C.). This scarab shows morphologic details that are characteristic for mid to late Dynasty 13 (ca. 1750–1640 B.C.). Scarabs of this type may have been carved at a workshop active in Avaris (present-day Tell el-Dab’a).
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