Spectrum of Desire: Love, Sex, and Gender in the Middle Ages

Holcomb, Melanie and Nancy Thebaut, with various authors
2025
144 pages
93 illustrations
9 x 10.5 in
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This pioneering volume explores concepts of gender, sexuality, and love as portrayed in sculptures, paintings, manuscripts, and personal items to reveal the hidden sexuality and sensuality of medieval art. Using the critical approach known as queer theory, which offers a way to think more expansively about the past, the book interrogates aspects art and culture of the Middle Ages that are often overlooked, such as nonconformist sexual practices, gender variance, and power plays within human and divine relationships. Focused essays on topics and motifs such as the erotics of Saint Sebastian, transgender expression, and the underside of courtly love propose new readings of beloved masterpieces. Featuring more than 40 works of art from the fourteenth to the sixteenth century, this volume not only encourages readers to reflect on the ways that sex, gender, and relationships structured medieval lives and identities, but also prompts contemplation of how such attitudes affect our understanding of these subjects in the present day.

The Prayer Book of Bonne of Luxembourg, Duchess of Normandy, Jean Le Noir , and Workshop French, Tempera, grisaille, ink, and gold on vellum, French
Jean Le Noir
before 1349
Cover of a Writing Tablet, Elephant ivory, French
French
ca. 1325–50
Saint Catherine of Siena Receiving the Stigmata, Giovanni di Paolo (Giovanni di Paolo di Grazia)  Italian, Tempera and gold on wood
Giovanni di Paolo (Giovanni di Paolo di Grazia)
ca. 1447–65
Pax with the Crucifixion, Elephant ivory and copper gilt, South German
South German
ca. 1360–70 (ivory); 15th century (frame)
Coffret, Embossed leather, walnut, gilding, polychromy, copper alloy and iron fittings, French
French
14th century
Two Riddles of the Queen of Sheba, Linen warp; wool, linen and metallic wefts, Upper Rhenish
Upper Rhenish
ca. 1490–1500
Base for a Statuette, Boxwood, South Netherlandish
South Netherlandish
1470–80
African King from an Adoration Group, Poplar with paint and gilding, German
German
before 1489
Peregrinatio in terram sanctam., Bernhard von Breydenbach  German, Woodcuts
Multiple artists/makers
1486
Plaque with the Fountain of Youth, Elephant ivory, French
French
ca. 1320–40
Box with the Parable Prodigal Son and Scenes of Lovers, Elephant ivory, French
French
14th century
Belt, Silver, with traces of gilding and enamel; modern textile support, North Italian
North Italian
ca. 1330–50
Comb, Elephant ivory, paint and gilding, French or Italian
French or Italian
15th or 16th century
Leaf of a Writing Tablet, Elephant ivory, French
French
14th century
Box with Romance Scenes, Elephant ivory, French
French
ca. 1310–30
Aquamanile in the Form of Aristotle and Phyllis, Bronze; Quaternary copper alloy (approx. 72% copper, approx. 17% zinc,<br/>approx. 6% lead, approx. 3% tin)., South Netherlandish
South Netherlandish
late 14th or early 15th century
Manuscript Leaf with Marriage Scene, from Decretals of Gregory IX, Tempera, ink, and gold on parchment, Italian
Italian
ca. 1300
Meeting of Saints Joachim and Anne at the Golden Gate, Benedikt Dreyer  German, Oak with polychromy and gilding, North German
Benedikt Dreyer
ca. 1515–20
A Goldsmith in his Shop, Petrus Christus  Netherlandish, Oil on oak panel
Petrus Christus
1449
Saddle, Bovine bone (body of saddle), deer antler and bone (decorative elements), limewood, rawhide, birchbark, and metal paint, Central European
Central European
ca. 1400–1420
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Holcomb, Melanie, and Nancy Thebaut. Spectrum of Desire: Love, Sex, and Gender in the Middle Ages. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2025.